In early October, the Japanese Nakaaki Kajita and Canadian Arthur B. McDonald received the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on the oscillation of neutrinos, subatomic particles of which little is known. The real scientific milestone was proving that they have mass, although reduced, about twelve times smaller than the proton. This discovery re-floated interest in these particles without electromagnetic load, which in 2012 were able to transmit information just as Guillermo Marconi in 1897 managed to send a first signal in Morse code.